This article is made freely available as part of this journal's Open Access. ID: |James ManuscriptRef.1-ajiras231016 |
Authors Affiliation:
1. Zonzongili Development Associates | Tamale | Ghana |
2. Rural Development College | Kwaso | Ghana |
3. Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität | Münster in Westfalen | Germany |
1. Zonzongili Development Associates | Tamale | Ghana |
2. Rural Development College | Kwaso | Ghana |
3. Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität | Münster in Westfalen | Germany |
Authors Copyright © 2016: | James Natia Adam 1 | Dersiderious Awedam Wekem 2 | and | Emmanuel Zumabakuro Dassah 3 |
American Journal of Innovative Research & Applied Sciences
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| | ARTICLES | Am. J. innov. res. appl. sci. Volume 3, Issue 2, Pages 462-469 (November 2016) |
| November | VOLUME 3 | N° 2 | 2016 |
ABSTRACT
Background: The Upper East region is characterized by low income level, increased food insecurity, high emigration and unemployment. Against this backdrop, the Tono and Vea irrigation schemes were developed in the Upper East region to overcome the high incidence of poverty. However, over 70% of Tono and 72% of Vea irrigable lands have been underutilized due to the complexity of the nature of barriers farmer face. There are no empirical studies which explore the nature of farmers’ barriers in the Tono and Vea irrigation schemes. Objectives: The main objective of the study was to explore the differential barriers facing farmers’ entry and participation in dry season irrigation farming and effects on livelihood outcomes. Materials and Methods: The study used a simple random sampling technique to select 300 farmers. Questionnaire and in-depth interview guide were the main instruments used for data collection. Gender, education status and wealth status were the main attributes used for categorizing farmers in the schemes. Data was entered into the Predictive Analytical Software for Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation, Chi-square and t-text analysis. Results: The findings indicate that while farmers’ entry and participation in dry season irrigation farming was negative and significantly correlated for economic barriers (r = -0.06), institutional barriers (r = -0.04) and technical barriers (r = -0.02), a positive and significant correlation (r = 0.013) was realized for socio–cultural barriers. Conclusion: The evidence gathered from the study shows that dry season irrigation farming is profitable and contributes very high to welfare and wellbeing of farm families. In order to help address all forms of entry and participation barriers in dry season irrigation farming to ensure project sustainability, it is recommended that the schemes be run on a public-private-partnership basis.
Key words: Sustainability, agro-chemicals, profitability, livelihood outcomes, indicators.
Background: The Upper East region is characterized by low income level, increased food insecurity, high emigration and unemployment. Against this backdrop, the Tono and Vea irrigation schemes were developed in the Upper East region to overcome the high incidence of poverty. However, over 70% of Tono and 72% of Vea irrigable lands have been underutilized due to the complexity of the nature of barriers farmer face. There are no empirical studies which explore the nature of farmers’ barriers in the Tono and Vea irrigation schemes. Objectives: The main objective of the study was to explore the differential barriers facing farmers’ entry and participation in dry season irrigation farming and effects on livelihood outcomes. Materials and Methods: The study used a simple random sampling technique to select 300 farmers. Questionnaire and in-depth interview guide were the main instruments used for data collection. Gender, education status and wealth status were the main attributes used for categorizing farmers in the schemes. Data was entered into the Predictive Analytical Software for Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation, Chi-square and t-text analysis. Results: The findings indicate that while farmers’ entry and participation in dry season irrigation farming was negative and significantly correlated for economic barriers (r = -0.06), institutional barriers (r = -0.04) and technical barriers (r = -0.02), a positive and significant correlation (r = 0.013) was realized for socio–cultural barriers. Conclusion: The evidence gathered from the study shows that dry season irrigation farming is profitable and contributes very high to welfare and wellbeing of farm families. In order to help address all forms of entry and participation barriers in dry season irrigation farming to ensure project sustainability, it is recommended that the schemes be run on a public-private-partnership basis.
Key words: Sustainability, agro-chemicals, profitability, livelihood outcomes, indicators.
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Research Article
ENTRY AND PARTICIPATION BARRIERS IN DRY SEASON IRRIGATION FARMING: EVIDENCE FROM TONO AND VEA IRRIGATION SCHEMES
| James Natia Adam | Dersiderious Awedam Wekem | and | Emmanuel Zumabakuro Dassah |. Am. J. innov. res. appl. sci. 2016; 3(2):462-469.
| PDF FULL TEXT | |Received | 23 October 2016| |Accepted | 02 November 2016| |Published |10 November 2016 |
ENTRY AND PARTICIPATION BARRIERS IN DRY SEASON IRRIGATION FARMING: EVIDENCE FROM TONO AND VEA IRRIGATION SCHEMES
| James Natia Adam | Dersiderious Awedam Wekem | and | Emmanuel Zumabakuro Dassah |. Am. J. innov. res. appl. sci. 2016; 3(2):462-469.
| PDF FULL TEXT | |Received | 23 October 2016| |Accepted | 02 November 2016| |Published |10 November 2016 |
American Journal of innovative
Research & Applied Sciences
Research & Applied Sciences
ISSN 2429-5396 (Online)
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