This article is made freely available as part of this journal's Open Access: ID |Ahmed ManuscriptRef.1-ajiras010616 |
Affiliation:

               1. Irrigation and Drainage Engineering Department | Agricultural Engineering Research Institute | Egypt |

               2. Centre for Date Palm and Dates | Ministry of Agriculture | PO Box 43 | Al-Hassa-31982 | Saudi Arabia |
Authors Copyright © 2015: | Ahmed Zakaria Dewidar |
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American Journal of Innovative Research & Applied Sciences
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  | ARTICLES | Am. J. innov. res. appl. sci. Volume 2,  Issue 7, Pages 305-312 (July 2016)
  Research Article
    | Ahmed Zakaria Dewidar |. Am. J. innov. res. appl. sci. 2016; 2(7):297-304.
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                                                                  |Received | 01 July 2016|          |Accepted | 02 July 2016|         |Published 10 July 2016 |

Abstract 
 
  Background: Understanding the patterns of soil moisture distribution is useful to a wide range of agencies concerned with the weather and climate, soil conservation, agricultural production and landscape management.
Objective: The study was to evaluate the ability of three different soil sensors to capture the correct pattern of soil water contents under field conditions using the gravimetric method as a reference. Material and methods:
Three commonly used soil water sensors were tested in a sandy loam soil located at the educational station of King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. The tested soil moisture sensors were EnviroSCAN, WaterMark and Tensiometers.
Results: Based on the analysis statistics, the results showed among the tested sensors, EnviroSCAN performed the best with a smallest mean difference (MD), relative root mean square error (RRMSE %), standard deviation (SD)
and relative bias (Re %) of -0.67, 10.68, 0.051 and -4.06, respectively as compared to gravimetric method. Tensiometers obtained the largest values in MD, RRMSE (%), SD and Re (%) of 0.40, 13.97, 0.058 and 1.83,
respectively. WaterMark performed averagely with regard to MD, RRMSE, SD and Re as compared to gravimetric method. Conclusion: The dynamic response of the vertically installed EnviroSCAN to changes in soil water
content was the best among the tested sensors. The sensor may be used as a useful tool for assessing threshold values in water content for the start and end of irrigation.
Keywords:   EnviroSCAN, soil moisture sensors, sensor performance